PMC

Measurement of local thickness of ice: (A1) 2D segmented image of sponge cake sample (fast freezing); (A2) Local thickness of ice inside the matrix (fast freezing); (A3) Local thickness of ice inside the matrix (slow freezing); (B1) 2D segmented image of sponge cake sample (slow freezing); (B2) Local thickness of ice outside the matrix (fast freezing); (B3) Local thickness of ice outside the matrix (slow freezing); (A4,B4) Cumulative distribution of local thickness of ice inside the matrix and ice outside the matrix according to the freezing rate.

Synchrotron X-ray horizontal slices (grey level images in the left and segmented images in the right) and 3D visualization of the sample after segmentation: (A1–A3) Unfrozen sponge cake; (B1–B3) Model sponge cake sample frozen at −17.2 °C min⁻¹ (fast freezing); (C1–C3) Model sponge cake sample frozen at −0.3 °C min⁻¹ (slow freezing). (Air in grey, ice outside the matrix in light blue, ice inside the matrix in dark blue and starch in brown). Each cube is 1 mm a side.

Representation for Mary did not bring ice cream or cake to the party.

Identical gradient elution conditions and extraction conditions with sonication on ice were applied throughout. For both samples, 1g CSC were spiked with 80 μL of a 5 mg/mL gossypol solution. (A) Extraction with 70% acetone (peak area = 282558); (B) extraction with 100% acetone (peak 1 area = 142704, peak 2 area = 77803).